Angiopathy

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Angiopathy is the generic term for a disease of the blood vessels (arteries, veins, and capillaries).^[1] The best known and most prevalent angiopathy is the diabetic angiopathy, a complication that may occur in chronic diabetes.

Contents 1 Classification 1.1 By caliber 1.2 By condition 2 References 3 External links

[edit] Classification

[edit] By caliber

There are two types of angiopathy: macroangiopathy and microangiopathy. In macroangiopathy, fat and blood clots build up in the large blood vessels, stick to the vessel walls, and block the flow of blood. In microangiopathy, the walls of the smaller blood vessels become so thick and weak that they bleed, leak protein, and slow the flow of blood through the body. The decrease of blood flow through stenosis or clot formation impair the flow of oxygen to cells and biological tissues (called ischemia) and lead to their death (necrosis and gangrene, which in turn may require amputation). Thus, tissues which are very sensitive to oxygen levels, such as the retina, develop microangiopathy and may cause blindness (so-called proliferative diabetic retinopathy). Damage to nerve cells may cause peripheral neuropathy, and to kidney cells, diabetic nephropathy (Kimmelstiel-Wilson syndrome).

Macroangiopathy, on the other hand, may cause other complications, such as ischemic heart disease, stroke and peripheral vascular disease which contributes to the diabetic foot ulcers and the risk of amputation.

[edit] By condition

It is also possible to classify angiopathy by the associated condition:

• Diabetic angiopathy
• Congophilic angiopathy

[edit] References

[edit] External links

• Skin care guide

v • d • e Cardiovascular disease: vascular disease · Circulatory system pathology (I70-I99, 440-459) Arteries, arterioles and capillaries Inflammation Arteritis (Aortitis) · Buerger's disease Arterial occlusive disease/ peripheral vascular disease Arteriosclerosis Atherosclerosis (Foam cells, Fatty streak, Atheroma, Intermittent claudication) · Monckeberg's arteriosclerosis · Arteriolosclerosis (Hyaline, Hyperplastic) Stenosis Renal artery stenosis · Carotid artery stenosis Other Fibromuscular dysplasia · Degos disease · Aortoiliac occlusive disease · Raynaud's phenomenon/Raynaud's disease · Erythromelalgia Aneurysm/dissection/ pseudoaneurysm torso: Aortic aneurysm (Thoracic aortic aneurysm, Abdominal aortic aneurysm) · Aortic dissection · Coronary artery aneurysm head/neck: Cerebral aneurysm · Intracranial berry aneurysm · Carotid artery dissection · Vertebral artery dissection · Familial aortic dissection Vascular malformation Arteriovenous fistula · Telangiectasia (Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia) Vascular nevus Spider angioma · Halo nevus · Cherry angioma Veins Inflammation Phlebitis Venous thrombosis/ Thrombophlebitis primarily lower limb (Deep vein thrombosis) abdomen (May-Thurner syndrome, Portal vein thrombosis, Budd-Chiari syndrome, Renal vein thrombosis) upper limb/torso (Paget-Schroetter disease, Mondor's disease) head (Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis) Post-thrombotic syndrome Varicose veins Varicocele · Gastric varices · Portacaval anastomosis (Hemorrhoid, Esophageal varices, Caput medusae) Other Superior vena cava syndrome · Inferior vena cava syndrome · Venous ulcer Arteries or veins Vasculitis · Thrombosis · Embolism (Pulmonary embolism, Cholesterol embolism, Paradoxical embolism) · Angiopathy (Macroangiopathy, Microangiopathy) Lymphatic disease Lymphadenitis · Lymphangitis · Lymphedema Blood pressure Hypertension Hypertensive heart disease · Hypertensive nephropathy · Essential hypertension  · Secondary hypertension (Renovascular hypertension) · Pulmonary hypertension · Malignant hypertension · Benign hypertension · Systolic hypertension · White coat hypertension Hypotension Orthostatic hypotension See also congenital, neoplasia