Hong Kong legislative election, 2008
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‹ 2004  |
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| Hong Kong legislative election, 2008 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 30 (of the 60) seats in the Legislative Council | ||||
| 7 September 2008 | ||||
| Majority party | Minority party | Third party | ||
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| Leader | Tam Yiu-chung | Albert Ho | James Tien | |
| Party | DAB | Democratic Party | Liberal Party | |
| Leader's seat | New Territories West | New Territories West | New Territories East (lost seat) |
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| Last election | 10 seats, 22.55% | 9 seats, 23.74% | 10 seats, 6.67% | |
| Seats won | 13 | 8 | 7 | |
| Seat change | +3 | -1 | -3 | |
| Popular vote | 453,598 | 312,692 | 65,622 | |
| Percentage | 29.93% | 20.63% | 4.33% | |
| Fourth party | Fifth party | Sixth party | ||
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| Leader | Audrey Eu | Raymond Wong | Abraham Razack | |
| Party | Civic Party | Social Democrats | The Alliance | |
| Leader's seat | Hong Kong Island | Kowloon West | Real Estate and Construction | |
| Last election | new | new | 5 seats | |
| Seats won | 5 | 3 | 3 | |
| Seat change | ±0 | ±0 | -2 | |
| Popular vote | 206,980 | 153,390 | ±0 | |
| Percentage | 13.66% | 10.1% | — | |
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Incumbent President President-elect |
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The 2008 Hong Kong legislative election (traditional Chinese: 香港特別行政區第四屆立法會選舉) were held on 7 September 2008.[1] The election is for the fourth term of the Legislative Council, after the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. There are 60 seats in the Council for the fourth term with 30 Members returned by geographical constituencies through direct elections, and 30 Members by functional constituencies.[2]
Candidates for fourteen functional constituency seats were unopposed.
Contents |
[edit] Pre-election issues
The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress vote in December 2007 to would allow universal suffrage by 2017, and full Legislative Council election by 2020, has taken the wind out of the debate on universal suffrage. Wary of political parties, the government has sought to defer discussion on other highly-sensitive issues until October, in the hopes that the election will be void of focus. Issues of the minimum wage, healthcare reform, old age allowances, and the future of RTHK. Nevertheless, the case surrounding former Housing Director Leung Chin-man has served to highlight the issue of systematic checks and balances, and the lack of political scrutiny of government actions.[3]
Commentators, such as Albert Cheng, noted the fighting between pro-democracy parties was heating up, but forecast few changes in the overall democrat representation of the new Legco. He cited proportional representation as a mechanism which built in protection for a multi-party system.[4]
There were some concerns that those seeking right of abode in Hong Kong they felt under pressure by lobbyists supporting the DAB. Two advocacy groups echoed abode-seekers' feeling threatened by being bombarded with telephone calls and submitted to other pressures to vote for the DAB, or for Regina Ip.[4]
[edit] Deputy Ministers appointment controversy
[edit] Inflation relief measures
[edit] Leung Chin-man appointment controversy
[edit] Candidates
A total of 142 candidates on 53 lists have entered the election via the geographical constituencies,[5] making it the most hotly contested election since the handover of Hong Kong.[6] The candidates of both the pan-democracy and establishment camps stated that they would not allocate the votes within each camp, leading to infighting inside the camps.[7] Martin Lee and Anson Chan announced that they would not stand, and would endorse younger candidates. In addition, some incumbent legislators like Audrey Eu of the Civic Party and Yeung Sum of the Democratic Party were placed second in their lists in an attempt to get less experienced members of their parties elected.[8]
Beijing's involvement in the elections was an open secret: its strategy was to groom a new batch of "independent" aspirants with profession backgrounds and without a strong pro-Beijing image, such as Scarlet Pong, and eventual winners Regina Ip and Priscilla Leung. It had hoped they would appeal to the middle class voters and steal votes from the democratic camp.[9]
The functional constituencies are less competitive: 14 out of the 30 seats are uncontested. The Accounting and Architectural, Surveying and Planning functional constituencies are the most hotly contested, with 5 candidates competing in each constituency.[10][11] 45 candidates in total are contesting the 16 contested seats.[12]
[edit] General outcome
A record number of 3.37 million people registered to vote in the election. The turnout rate was low, at 45% with 1.51 million voters casting ballots.[13]
Commentator Chris Yeung believed that the Liaison Office operated behind the scenes to coordinate votes for the pro-Beijing camp. These independents managed to secure legislature seats, but apparently not at the expense of support for the democrats.[9]
The Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong remained the largest single party in LegCo, with 13 seats in the council.[14] The share of the pro-democratic parties vote among voters dropped from 60 to 57% since 2004, translating into only 2 seat less than in 2004. The pan-democrats still managed a total of 23 seats, 19 seats in the directly-elected geographical constituencies, and four seats from the functional constituencies. By virtue of having in excess of 1⁄3 of the seats in LegCo, their ability to veto constitutional changes remains intact. The democrats' veto power being crucial, as discussions on the electoral arrangements for the 2012 Legco elections would take place during the following legislature.[9]
In the backdrop of a deteriorating economy and rising inflation, voters shifted their preferences towards more radical and grass-roots politicians; the electorate's suspicions of collusion between government and big business dealt a blow to the Liberal Party.[15] The Liberal Party suffered double defeat when Selina Chow and Chairman James Tien lost their seats in New Territories West and NT East geographical constituencies respectively despite Tien's appealed to People's representative, Gao Siren, for help on the day of the polls.[9]. Their bid to secure seats in other constituencies also failed. Tien resigned as the Liberal chairman after his defeat, and Chow resigned both her vice-chairmanship and her seat on the Executive Council of Hong Kong.[16] The election of three members of the League of Social Democrats and four trade-unionists to Legco is set to pose a challenge to the government on welfare and livelihood issues.[17]
| Parties | Votes | % | Geographical constituencies |
Functional constituencies |
Total seats | +/- | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pan-Democrats | Democratic Party | 312,692 | 20.63% | 7 | 1 | 8 | −1 |
| Civic Party | 206,980 | 13.66% | 4 | 1 | 5 | N/A | |
| League of Social Democrats | 153,390 | 10.1% | 3 | 0 | 3 | N/A | |
| Neighbourhood and Workers Service Centre of Senators | 42,441 | 2.8% | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Hong Kong Confederation of Trade Unions | 42,366 | 2.8% | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Hong Kong Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood | 42,211 | 2.79% | 1 | 1 | 2 | +1 | |
| The Frontier | 33,205 | 2.19% | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Civic Act-up | 30,887 | 2.04% | 1 | 0 | 1 | +1 | |
| Pro-democracy individuals and others | 5,293 | 0.35% | 0 | 1 | 1 | −3 | |
| Total for pan-democrats | 869,465 | 57.37% (58.99%) | 19 | 4 | 23 | -2 | |
| Pro-Beijing | Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong | 453,598 | 29.93% | 9 | 4 | 13[18] | +3 |
| Liberal Party | 65,622 | 4.33% | 0 | 7 | 7[19][20] | −3 | |
| Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions | 0 | 0% | 0 | 1 | 1[18] | -2 | |
| The Alliance (Hong Kong) | 0 | 0% | 0 | 3 | 3 | N/A | |
| Pro-Beijing individuals and others | 85,531 | 5.64% | 1 | 9 | 10 | -2 | |
| Total for pro-Beijing camp | 604,751 | 39.90% (41.01%) | 10 | 24 | 34 | -1 | |
| Independent | Councillors without formal affiliation with any political party | 61,177 | 4.04% | 1 | 2 | 3 | +3 |
| Total (turnout 45%) | 1,515,479 | 100.0 | 30 | 30 | 60 | ||
| Source: Hong Kong government | |||||||
| Note: Candidates in 14 functional constituencies were elected uncontested to the Legislative Council. The number of seats for the Federation of Trade Unions in the geographical constituencies exclude Wong Kwok-hing, Wong Kwok-kin and Pan Pey Chyou, who are also DAB members; figures in parentheses in the pro-democracy and pro-Beijing total percentage exclude all votes of other individuals. | |||||||
[edit] Candidates lists and results
[edit] Geographical constituencies (30 seats)
Voting System: Closed party-list proportional representation with the largest remainder method and Hare Quota.
| Hong Kong Island (香港島) (6 seats) | |||||
| List Number | Party/Allegiance | Votes Received | Candidates | ||
| % | elected | not elected | |||
| List 1 | Liberal Party | 2,166 | 0.7 | Lam Chui Lin, Wong Kam Chuen, Ngan Choi Chik | |
| List 2 | Civic Act-up | 30,887 | 9.9 | Cyd Ho | |
| List 3 | Democratic Party | 39,808 | 12.7 | Kam Nai-wai | Yeung Sum, Tsui Yuen Wa |
| List 4 | LSD | 10,202 | 3.3 | Tsang Kin-shing | |
| List 5 | DAB | 60,417 | 19.3 | Tsang Yok-sing | Choy So-yuk, Chung Shu Kun Christopher, Cheung Kwok Kwan, Chan Hok Fung, Kwok Wai Keung |
| List 6 | Independent | 1,798 | 0.6 | Siu Man-Wa Myra Sophia | |
| List 7 | Independent | 20,523 | 6.5 | Lo Wing-lok | |
| List 8 | Civic Party | 82,600 | 26.4 | Tanya Chan, Audrey Eu | Yung Wing Sheung Amy |
| List 9 | Independent | 61,073 | 19.5 | Regina Ip | Shih Tai Cho Louis, Wong Kin Hing, Chan Ngok Pang Ronald |
| List 10 | Independent | 3,955 | 1.3 | Lai Chi Keong Joseph | |
| 313,429 | 100.0 | ||||
| Kowloon West (九龍西) (5 seats) | |||||
| List Number | Party/Allegiance | Votes Received | Candidates | ||
| % | elected | not elected | |||
| List 1 | Independent | 1,076 | 0.5 | Chong Wing Charn Francis | |
| List 2 | DAB | 39,013 | 18.9 | Starry Lee | Chung Kong Mo, Chan Wai Ming, Cheng Wing Shun Vincent |
| List 3 | Southern Democratic Alliance | 591 | 0.3 | Lung Wai Man James, Bantawa Sukra | |
| List 4 | Democratic Party | 29,690 | 14.4 | James To | Lam Ho Yeung |
| List 5 | Civic Party | 17,259 | 8.4 | Mo Man Ching Claudia, Ng Yuet Lan, Tang Chi Ying | |
| List 6 | Independent | 590 | 0.3 | Lam Yi Lai | |
| List 7 | Independent | 19,914 | 9.6 | Priscilla Leung | Leung Wai Kuen Edward, Lam Ka Fai Aaron |
| List 8 | LSD | 37,553 | 18.2 | Wong Yuk Man | Lee Wai Yee |
| List 9 | Liberal Party | 13,011 | 6.3 | Michael Tien, Ho Hin Ming | |
| List 10 | HKADPL | 35,440 | 17.2 | Frederick Fung | Mok Ka Han Rosanda, Tsung Po Shan, Wong Chi Yung, Yeung Chun Yu |
| List 11 | Independent | 10,553 | 5.1 | Lau Chin Shek | |
| List 12 | Independent | 290 | 0.1 | Lau Yuk-shing, Cheung Kit Fung Nandeed, Tsui David | |
| List 13 | Independent | 1,603 | 0.8 | Tam Hoi Pong | |
| 206,583 | 100.0 | ||||
| Kowloon East (九龍東) (4 seats) | |||||
| List Number | Party/Allegiance | Votes Received | Candidates | ||
| % | elected | not elected | |||
| List 1 | Democratic Party | 16,365 | 6.9 | Wu Chi Wai | |
| List 2 | LSD | 28,690 | 12.1 | To Kwan Hang Andrew | |
| List 3 | DAB | 53,472 | 22.6 | Chan Kam-lam | Lai Wing Ho Joe, Chan Man Ki Maggie, Hung Kam In |
| List 4 | Civic Party | 39,274 | 16.6 | Alan Leong | Yu Kwun Wai, Wong Hok Ming |
| List 5 | Democratic Party | 48,124 | 20.4 | Fred Li | Kai Ming Wah, Wong Kai Ming, Wong Wai Tag |
| List 6 | HKFTU | 50,320 | 21.3 | Wong Kwok-kin | Chan Yuen Han, Wong Kit Hin Peter, Kan Ming Tung |
| 236,245 | 100.0 | ||||
| New Territories West (新界西) (8 seats) | |||||
| List Number | Party/Allegiance | Votes Received | Candidates | ||
| % | elected | not elected | |||
| List 1 | Civic Party | 27,910 | 7.0 | Fernando Cheung, Chan Yuen Sum Sumly, Wong Ka Wa | |
| List 2 | HKCTU | 42,366 | 10.6 | Lee Cheuk-yan | Tam Chun Yin |
| List 3 | DAB | 92,037 | 23.1 | Tam Yiu-chung, Cheung Hok Ming; | Leung Che Cheung, Chan Han Pan, Lung Shui Hing, Leung Kar Ming, Lo Kwong Shing Andy, Lui Kin |
| List 4 | Democratic Party | 36,764 | 9.2 | Albert Ho Chun Yan | Hui Chi Fung, Lo Man Hon |
| List 5 | ADPL | 6,771 | 1.7 | Tandon Lal Chaing, Yeung Chi Hang | |
| List 6 | Independent | 1,338 | 0.3 | Yuen Wai Chung | |
| List 7 | LSD | 32,182 | 8.1 | Albert Chan Wai Yip | |
| List 8 | Independent | 1,720 | 0.4 | Chow Ping Tim | |
| List 9 | HKFTU/DAB | 35,991 | 9.0 | Wong Kwok-hing | Mak Mei Kuen Alice, Tsang Tze Kwan Marina, Tsui Fan, Leung Tsz Wing Dennis, Tang Ka Piu, Yiu Kwok Wai, Chan Manwell |
| List 10 | Democratic Party | 10,069 | 2.5 | Cheung Yin Tung, Kwong Chun Yu | |
| List 11 | Independent | 1,366 | 0.3 | Leung Suet Fong, Thapa Komal | |
| List 12 | Liberal Party | 21,570 | 5.4 | Selina Chow, Chow Wing Kan | |
| List 13 | NWSC | 42,441 | 10.7 | Leung Yiu-chung | Wong Yun Tat |
| List 14 | Democratic Party | 45,767 | 11.5 | Lee Wing Tat | Wong Suet Ying, Lam Siu Fai, Cheung Wai Mei, Lam Lap Chi |
| 398,292 | 100.0 | ||||
| New Territories East (新界東) (7 seats) | |||||
| List Number | Party/Allegiance | Votes Received | Candidates | ||
| % | elected | not elected | |||
| List 1 | Liberal Party | 28,875 | 8.0 | James Tien, Kan Wing Fai Terry, Fong Kwok Shan Christine | |
| List 2 | Party for Civic Rights and Livelihood | 1,129 | 0.3 | Siu See Kong, Yung Chiu Wing David | |
| List 3 | The Frontier | 33,205 | 9.2 | Emily Lau | Or Yiu Lam Ricky |
| List 4 | Democratic Party | 44,174 | 12.2 | Wong Sing-chi | Mok Siu Lun |
| List 5 | LSD | 44,763 | 12.4 | Leung Kwok-hung | |
| List 6 | Independent | 4,007 | 1.1 | Lee Chi Wing Alvin | |
| List 7 | Democratic Party | 41,931 | 11.6 | Andrew Cheng | Yam Kai Bong, Ho Suk Ping Shirley, Leung Li, Kwan Wing Yip, Yung Ming Chau Michael, Lam Siu Chung Frankie |
| List 8 | Civic Party | 39,957 | 11.1 | Ronny Tong | Tsang Kwok Fung, Tsang Kin Chiu |
| List 9 | Independent | 20,455 | 5.7 | Pong Scarlett Oi Lan | |
| List 10 | DAB | 102,434 | 28.4 | Lau Kong Wah, Gary Chan; | Mok Kam Kwai, Wong Pik Kiu, Chan Kwok Kai, Lau Kwok Fan, Lin Chor Keung Calvin |
| 360,930 | 100.0 | ||||
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ Electoral Calendar-international elections world elections
- ^ Electoral Calendar- world elections,US elections,presidential election,world parties
- ^ Chris Yeung (20 August 2008), Lack of policy leaves a battle of personalities, South China Morning Post, pp. op-ed
- ^ a b Albert Cheng (30 August 2008), Seats of power, South China Morning Post, pp. op-ed
- ^ Press release: 3.37 million electors urged to vote today in Legislative Council Election, Electoral Affairs Commission, 7 September 2008
- ^ "Introducing the candidates". Hong Kong Election Committee. http://www.elections.gov.hk/legco2008/eng/introd.html. Retrieved on 3 September 2008.
- ^ "互爭票源勢危 陳偉業李卓人嘆腹背受敵". Ming Pao. 4 September 2008. (Chinese)
- ^ "Hong Kong Island candidates" (in Traditional Chinese). Hong Kong Election Committee. http://www.elections.gov.hk/legco2008/chi/pf_gc_hki.html. Retrieved on 3 September 2008.
- ^ a b c d Chris Yeung, "Beijing's hand in polls is more of a ham fist", South China Morning Post, Page A14 (17 September 2008)
- ^ "Accounting functional constituency" (in Traditional Chinese). Hong Kong Election Committee. http://www.elections.gov.hk/legco2008/chi/pf_fc_acc.html. Retrieved on 3 September 2008.
- ^ "Architecture, Surveying and City Planning functional constituency" (in Traditional Chinese). Hong Kong Election Committee. http://www.elections.gov.hk/legco2008/chi/pf_fc_asp.html. Retrieved on 3 September 2008.
- ^ Hong Kong people go to polls for 4th term Legislative Council, People's Daily, 7 September 2008
- ^ 香港第四届立法会选举结果揭晓(名单)_资讯_凤凰网
- ^ Although Wong Kwok Hing ran under the FTU banner in the elections, he is also a member of the DAB.
- ^ Christine Loh, "New voices", Insight, South China Morning Post, Page A13, 11 September 2008
- ^ Ambrose Leung, "Liberals' defeat raises doubt over trade-based seats stance", South China Morning Post, Page A3, 9 September 2008
- ^ Gary Cheng, "Radicals and unionists to make life tricky for government", South China Morning Post, Page A6, 9 September 2008
- ^ a b "民建聯13席 續成第一大黨" (in Traditional Chinese). Wen Wei Po. 8 September 2008. http://paper.wenweipo.com/2008/09/09/YO0809090004.htm. Retrieved on 8 September 2008.
- ^ Ambrose Leung (12 September 2008). "Heung Yee Kuk chairman quits Liberal Party". South China Morning Post.
- ^ Ambrose Leung (9 October 2008). "And then there were three: Legco Liberals quit over leadership fight". South China Morning Post.
[edit] External links
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