Jaime Sin
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| His Eminence Jaime Lachica Sin |
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| Cardinal Archbishop of Manila | |
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| See | Manila |
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| Enthroned | March 19, 1974 |
| Ended | September 15, 2003 |
| Predecessor | Rufino Jiao Santos |
| Successor | Gaudencio Rosales |
| Created Cardinal | May 24, 1976 |
| Other | Archbishop of Jaro |
| Personal details | |
| Born | August 31, 1928 New Washington, Aklan, Philippines |
| Died | June 21, 2005 (aged 76) |
| Buried | Crypt at the Manila Cathedral |
Jaime Sin, also Jaime Lachica Sin (August 31, 1928–June 21, 2005) (Chinese name: 辛海梅; 辛海棉 Xīn Hǎiméi; Xīn Hǎimián), was a Roman Catholic Archbishop of Manila known for his instrumental role in the People Power Revolution, which toppled the regime of Ferdinand Marcos and installed Corazon Aquino as president of the Philippines. During his reign, he was considered an influential and charismatic leader of the Filipino people having led another "people power" in 2001. He died at the age of 76 on June 21, 2005 due to complications to the kidney as a result of diabetes.
Cardinal Sin was only the third native Filipino Archbishop of Manila, following centuries of Spanish, American and Irish episcopacy. He led the Archdiocese of Manila as its archbishop and was made cardinal by Pope Paul VI. As Archbishop of Manila, he was widely considered Primate of the Philippines, though no formal dignity has ever been attached to the archdiocese. He retired as the Archbishop of Manila on September 15, 2003, having reached the age of retirement for bishops under Canon Law, and was succeeded by Gaudencio Rosales.
His title and surname as Cardinal Sin were the source of many jokes in the Philippines, such as "The greatest sin of all...Cardinal Sin", and his own pun: "Welcome to the house of Sin" referring to his home.
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[edit] Priesthood and episcopacy
Sin was born in New Washington, Aklan, Philippines to Juan Sin (of Chinese ancestry) and Máxima Lachica (of Aklanon ancestry). He was the seventh of sixteen children. He is the brother of Dr. Ramón L. Sin. He eventually left his childhood home and his family to study in St. Vincent Ferrer Seminary, and was ordained a priest of the Archdiocese of Jaro on April 3, 1954. He was the first rector of St. Pius X Seminary in Lawaan Hills, Roxas City, Capiz. He was appointed auxiliary bishop of Jaro on February 10, 1967, and was ordained as bishop of the titular see of Obba on March 18 of that year. On March 15, 1972, Sin was appointed Coadjutor Archbishop of Jaro, taking on administrative roles in the archdiocese, while holding the titular see of Massa Lubrense. On October 8, 1972, Sin was appointed Archbishop of Jaro, taking full control of the archdiocese.
Sin's service as Archbishop of Jaro ended with his appointment on January 21, 1974 to the larger archdiocese seated in the nation's capital of Manila. Sin was officially installed as Archbishop of Manila at the Manila Cathedral on March 19, 1974. On May 24, 1976, Pope Paul VI made him a member of the College of Cardinals, creating him Cardinal Priest of the titular church of Santa Maria ai Monti. He remained the youngest member of the College until 1983.
[edit] People Power movement
| Styles of Jaime Sin |
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| Reference style | His Eminence |
| Spoken style | Your Eminence |
| Informal style | Cardinal |
| See | Manila (Emeritus) |
Events in the Philippines under President Ferdinand Marcos forced Sin, the spiritual leader of all Filipino Catholics, to become involved in the politics of the region. He became witness to corruption, fraud and even murder at the hands of the regime — events that pushed Filipinos to the brink of civil unrest and even war. Sin appealed to Filipinos of all religions to follow the teachings of Jesus in the Gospels and use peaceful means to change the political situation in the Philippines.
President Marcos ordered his generals to deploy against the marchers. However, tanks and troops were stopped in the streets with people on their knees praying the Rosary and singing English language translations of sacred hymns. Some soldiers decided to join the marchers.
In what later became known as the People Power Revolution, President Marcos, his family and close advisors were forced to flee the Philippines, taking up residence in Honolulu, Hawaii upon the invitation of President of the United States Ronald Reagan. Cardinal Sin, along with Presidents Corazon Aquino and Fidel Ramos, became known to Filipinos as the architects of the People Power Movement.
Sin decided to intervene again, in 2001, to become the spiritual leader of another People Power Movement. Some Filipinos alleged that President Joseph Estrada was guilty of widespread corruption and graft because of the controversial "second envelope". Marches in the streets, with the support of Sin, the elite and military generals, succeeded in toppling President Joseph Estrada from power and elevating Gloria Macapagal Arroyo as acting president in what was perceived by the international community as a coup. The "second envelope" was opened after the coup and turned out to be Jaime De Chavez's bank account details, not Estrada's.
Two and a half years after Sin's death, it was reported that at the height of EDSA II, Sin received a directive from the Vatican ordering him and the Philippine clergy to adopt a non-partisan stance towards the political crisis.[1] Sin, who by then had committed support for the EDSA II revolt, was said to have threatened to resign as Archbishop if compelled to withdraw his support.[1] The standoff was reportedly resolved with the mediation of the then Supreme Court Associate Justice Artemio Panganiban (later, Chief Justice of the Philippines), a member of the Pontifical Council for the Laity, a department of the Roman Curia.[1] As a result, the Vatican did not insist upon its earlier demand. The reports were attributed to persons reputed to have first-hand knowledge of the events,[1] but there has been no official confirmation of them from the Vatican or from the Archdiocese of Manila.
Sin was decorated three times by the Philippine government. The first was by President Corazon C. Aquino, who conferred him with the Philippine Legion of Honor, rank of Chief Commander; the second, by President Joseph Estrada, who conferred on him the Order of Sikatuna, rank of Rajah; the final time was shortly after his retirement, when President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo conferred on him the Order of Lakandula, rank of Bayani (Grand Cross).
[edit] Retirement and death
He retired as the Archbishop of Manila on September 15, 2003 and was succeeded by Gaudencio Borbon Rosales. He was too ill to travel to the 2005 Conclave which elected Pope Benedict XVI.
Afflicted for years with a kidney ailment brought on by diabetes, he was taken on June 19, 2005 to the Cardinal Rufino Santos Medical Center in San Juan, Metro Manila because of a slight but lingering fever. He died of renal failure on June 21, 2005 at 6:15 a.m. at the age of 76. The Philippine government accorded him the honor of a state funeral and a period of national mourning. He is buried in the crypt of the Manila Cathedral along with his three immediate predecessors. Thousands of Filipinos attended his funeral.[2]
[edit] Episcopal lineage
| Episcopal Lineage | |
| Consecrated by: | Antonio Frondosa |
| Date of consecration: | March 18, 1967 |
| Consecrator of | |
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| Bishop | Date of consecration |
| José C. Sorra | August 28, 1974 |
| Gaudencio Borbon Rosales | October 28, 1974 |
| Alberto Jover Piamonte | February 2, 1975 |
| Fernando R. Capalla | June 18, 1975 |
| Oscar V. Cruz | May 3, 1976 |
[edit] Notes
- ^ a b c d Labog-Javellana, Juliet (2008-01-21). "Sin opposed Vatican order, pushed Edsa II". Philippine Daily Inquirer. http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/inquirerheadlines/nation/view/20080121-113651/Sin_opposed_Vatican_order,_pushed_Edsa_II. Retrieved on 2008-01-21.
- ^ http://www.catholicnewsagency.com/new.php?n=4245
[edit] External links
- http://72.14.235.132/search?q=cache:SdYsf9db-vIJ:www.cbcponline.org/bishops/cardinals/sin.html+st.+pius+x+seminary,+capiz&hl=tl&ct=clnk&cd=29&gl=ph&client=firefox-a
- O'Donnell, Michelle (2005-06-21). "Cardinal Jaime Sin, a Champion of the Poor in the Philippines, Is Dead at 76". New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/21/obituaries/21sin.html. Retrieved on 2008-01-08.
- Cardinal
- Washington Post
- Archdiocese of Manila
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 Filipino Cardinals |
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| See of Manila: Rufino Jiao Santos† | Jaime Sin† | Gaudencio Rosales See of Cebu: Julio Rosales y Ras† | Ricardo Vidal Roman Curia: José Tomás Sánchez Titular Churches: S. Maria ai Monti (Santos) | Sacro Cuore di Gesù a Vitinia (J. Rosales) | S. Maria ai Monti (Sin) | Ss. Pietro e Paolo a Via Ostiense (Vidal) | S. Pio V a Villa Carpegna (Sanchez) | Santissimo Nome di Maria in Via Latina (G. Rosales) |
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| Preceded by Rufino Santos |
Archbishop of Manila 1974–2003 |
Succeeded by Gaudencio Rosales |
| Cardinal-Priest of S. Maria ai Monti May 24, 1976–June 21, 2005 |
Succeeded by Jorge Urosa |
