Jiangnan DaYing
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Jiangnan DaYing (Chinese: 江南大營 or the Army Group Jiangnan; (first：1853 - 1856 and second： 1857 - 1860). The Qing government raised the Green Standard Army to quell the Taiping Rebellion. Qing twice surrounded Nanjing (the capital of the Taiping Rebellion) and lost at last.
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[edit] First Jiangnan DaYing
[edit] Time
1853--1856 When the armies of the Taiping Rebellion occupied Nanjing, after 10 days Xiang Rong commanded 10,000 Green Standard Army tracked them to Taiping and stationed themselves outside the Nanjing wall.
[edit] Headquarters
Located in Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum
[edit] Leaders
Imperial Inspector Minister ： First Class Senior General Xiang Rong (向榮)
Military commander ：Second Class Senior General Her Chyun
Lieutenant General ： Zhang GuoLiang
[edit] Taiping Generals
Shi Dakai, Yang Xiuqing, Qin Rigang(秦日綱), Li Xiucheng
[edit] Strength
The 80,000 soldiers in the regular Army faced 460,000+ in the Taiping Rebellion militia force.
[edit] Outcome
In June 11856, an army tried to stop the Taiping forces but the Governor of Jiangsu Jeer Hungar(吉爾杭阿), Mayor of Nanjing, lost and his army of 7,800 were all killed.
There was a heated battle from June 16 to June 20, but the Qing army of 80,000 was defeated and the surviving 36,000 followers of Xiang Rong retreated north. August 9. Xiang Rong committed suicide in Danyang, but this strategy stopped the forces' march north.
[edit] Second Jiangnan DaYing
[edit] Time
1858--1860
[edit] Headquarter
[edit] Leaders
Imperial Inspector Minister： First Class Senior General Her Chyun
Viceroy of Liangjiang：He Guiqing (何桂清) (escaped to Shanghai and was executed by Qing)
Military commander： Second Class Senior General Zhang GuoLiang (KIA: early May1860)
Governor of Zhejiang province 1st Luo Zundian(羅遵殿) (D: early March1860) forced suicide)
Governor of Zhejiang province 2nd Wang Youling(王有齡) (D: early October1861) forced suicide)
Governor of Jiangsu province Xu Youren (徐有壬) (KIA: early December 211860)
Lieutenant General：Zhang YuLiang (張玉良)(KIA: October1861)
Lieutenant General：Zhou Tengso (周天受)(KIA: middle May1860)
Lieutenant General：Wang Jung (王浚)(KIA: late April1860)
[edit] Victory of Taiping Generals
Li Xiucheng, Lai Wenkwok, Tong Zonghai(童容海), Chen Yucheng, Yang Fuqing(楊輔清), Li Shixian, Liu Qeuling(劉瑲琳)
[edit] Strength
The regular Army had only 180,000 soldiers while the Taiping Rebellion militia force had at least 560,000 soldiers.
[edit] Outcome
Taiping Rebellion forces occupied Jiangsu in 1860. The next year, they occupied Zhejiang. The Jiangnan DaYing was destroyed. The Second Opium War took place and Xianfeng Emperor died in 1861. The Xiang Army and Huai Army combined to become the Green Standard Army in 1862 and for the third time they surrounded and attacked Nanjing, successfully ending the civil war in July 1864.
[edit] Commentary
The Jiangnan DaYing had trouble making the payroll for its forces, and these forces were insufficient to fight off the British and French forces in northern China.
The leaders intrigued against each other： Xiang Rong(向榮) and Her Chyun in the first Jiangnan DaYing Her Chyun group, and the He Guiqing and Zeng Guofan groups disputed inner officials' system, which allowed the Taiping Rebellion to gain momentum.
Her Chyun's could use Brigadier General‘s works but he belittled the Taiping Rebellion, He Guiqing's cowardice and Zeng Guofan' selfishness, which was the third reason for their loss.
[edit] See also
Second rout the Army Group Jiangnan
