John Maurice Hauke
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Count Maurice Hauke (Polish: Maurycy Hauke) (26 October 1775, Seifersdorf near Dippoldswalde, Saxony – 29 November 1830, Warsaw, Congress Poland, Russian Empire) was a professional soldier.
Of German origin and son of a German teacher at Warsaw Lyceum,, an exclusive Prussian school in Warsaw, Count Moritz Hauke served between 1790 and 1793 in the army of Poland during the country's last years of independence, partook in Kościuszko Uprising, fought in Napoleon's army and later in the army of the Duchy of Warsaw in Austria, Italy, Germany and the Peninsular War and after 1815 joined the army of Congress Poland, where he reached the grade of full general in 1826 and received a title of Polish nobility. Recognizing his abilities, Tsar Nicholas I appointed him Deputy Minister of War of Congress Poland and elevated him in 1829 to count of the Russian Empire.
In the uprising of 1830 led by revolutionary army cadets, the target was Grand Duke Constantine, Poland's Governor-General. Count Moritz Hauke was on his way to the Grand Duke who managed to escape, but Hauke was shot to death by the cadets on the street of Warsaw before the eyes of his wife Sophie Lafontaine and his three younger children. He was riding on a horse beside the carriage of his wife and having met a group of rebels who shouted "Be our leader, General!" Hauke reprimanded them and told them to go back to their quarters, whereupon they opened fire and killed him. His wife died shortly afterwards, and their younger children were made wards of the Tsar, while three elder sons joined the uprising and one of them, Maurice Leopold, fell during the battle of Ostrołęka in 1831 only 27 years old. After his victory over the Poles, the Tsar raised in 1841 an enormous obelisque in Warsaw, which was dedicated to the memory of Hauke and five other Polish generals who "preserved their fidelity to their Monarch". Detested by the inhabitants of the Polish capital, the obelisque was pulled down in 1917.
On 28 October 1851, his daughter Countess Julia Hauke, then lady-in-waiting to the Russian Empress, married Prince Alexander of Hesse and by Rhine (Hesse-Darmstadt), brother of the Empress. Elevated by Alexander's brother, Grand Duke Ludwig III of Hesse-Darmstadt, to Countess of Hohenfels and in December 1858 to Princess of Battenberg, she became an ancestor of the house of Mountbatten, the British Royal House of Windsor, and the current Spanish king.
[edit] Orders and decorations
- Legion of Honour, 1807
- Virtuti Militari (Knigt's Cross, 3rd class, very rarely awarded)
- Order of Saint Stanislaus, 1st class, 1814
- Order of St. Anna, 1st class, 1815
- Order of St. Anna, 1st class with diamonds, 1818
- Order of St. Alexander Nevsky, 1820
- Order of the White Eagle, 1829
[edit] See also
[edit] Sources
- Polski Słownik Biograficzny (Polish Dictionary of Biography), vol. 2, Cracow 1938
